This page sets out the English summaries of the research papers published by the Research Services. A link from the end of the summary will take you to the complete research paper in German.

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• Topical Term from 2016/01/28
  Rare Disease Day
  
  
  

  Each year since 2008, Rare Disease Day is held on the last day of February. Rare diseases or rare illnesses are collective terms for illnesses with low numbers of cases. In Europe, a disease is defined as rare if the number of cases does not exceed five per 10,000 inhabitants. There are at least an estimated 26 to 30 million cases of rare diseases in Europe, with around four million of these in Germany alone.

  PDF file (86 KB)
  
  
• Topical Term from 2016/01/27
  Primaries in the USA: Nomination of the presidential candidates
  

  In February 2016 a lengthy and complicated selection process starts in the USA to determine the nomination of the candidates from the two major parties, the Democrats and the Republicans, for the presidential elections on 8 November 2016. In what are known as primaries, which take place in individual US states in phases until mid-June 2016, delegates are elected for the respective nominations at the party conventions. There are two kinds of preliminary election: the “Primary”, a preliminary election in the stricter sense carried out in the majority of states, and the “Caucus”, a multi-stage system of internal party nomination assemblies.

  PDF file (101 KB)
  
  
• Topical Term from 2016/01/26
  Access to higher education for foreign students and refugees 
  

  Over the next few years, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) will invest around an additional 130 million euros as part of the “First package of measures for refugees: German language and vocational training” for teaching German, recognising refugees’ skills and potential and integrating them in work and training. This provides support for the range of existing education programmes for people from migrant backgrounds at other ministries, for example at Labour and Social Affairs (BMAS), Economics and Energy (BMWi), Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth (BMFSFJ) and Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMUB), as well as the BMBF itself. The “Second package of measures for refugees: access to higher education” aims to ensure that those bringing sufficient qualifications are able to access higher education. The BMBF will support universities over the coming years with around 100 million euros, 27 million euros of which will be allocated in 2016.

  PDF file (101 KB)
  
  
• Topical Term from 2016/01/22
  Twenty years ago:  “Day of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism” introduced on 27 January
  

  For twenty years now, 27 January has been commemorated in the Federal Republic of Germany as the Day of Remembrance for the Victims of National Socialism. This national day of remembrance, introduced by Federal President Roman Herzog via a proclamation at the start of 1996, is dedicated to remembrance of the millions of people who were deprived of their rights, persecuted and murdered under the National Socialist totalitarian regime. The date itself commemorates the liberation of the survivors of the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp by soldiers of the Red Army on 27 January 1945.

  PDF file (102 KB)
  
  
• Topical Term from 2016/01/21
  Genome engineering
  

  Until now, techniques for targeted genetic modification in industrial biotechnology and modern plant and animal breeding have been relatively complicated, time and cost-intensive, comparatively unspecific and not applicable to all organisms. The discovery of a bacterial defence system led in 2012 to the announcement of a mechanism in bacteria known as CRISPR/Cas9, which can also be used for genome editing or ‘surgery’. It creates ‘DNA scissors’, which can change specific genetic material in a relatively simple and precise way by cutting out and/or inserting elements. The method was used worldwide within a very short space of time and a range of publications followed on genetic modifications previously thought impossible or extremely difficult. In addition to the optimisation of genetic techniques in the established plant and animal-related areas, application of genome engineering in the medical sector is also conceivable. 

  PDF file (116 KB)
  
  
• Topical Term - Europe from 2016/01/12
  Programme for the Dutch EU Council Presidency in 2016 
  

  On 1 January 2016, the Netherlands assumed the Presidency of the Council of the EU (EU Council Presidency) for the first half of 2016, taking over from Luxemburg. The Netherlands thus starts the current presidency trio, which also includes Slovakia and Malta and runs from January 2016 until June 2017. The main aims of this presidency trio are in the areas of economic growth, social policy in its broadest sense, energy and climate policy and, in particular, migration policy.

  PDF file (92 KB)